BIOSENSORS - The highly effective recognition methods of biological chemicals (enzymes, antibodies, DNA) are coupled to microelectronics to allow fast, accurate low- stage detection of such substances as sugars and proteins (such as hormones) in physique fluids, pollutants in water and gases in air. Various sugars and amino acids can function attractants while some substances such as acid or alkali serve as repellants in microbial chemotaxis. GLYCOSYLATION - The covalent attachment of sugars to an amino acid in the protein portion of a glycoprotein. If you are an athlete, you possibly can take amino acids supplier acids earlier than, during and after training. The availability of diverse amino acid varieties has resulted in the event of varied merchandise with totally different compositions and benefits, thereby contributing to the expansion of the amino acids market.